About this data

Source: OECD, Pensions at a Glance 2025

• The gross replacement rate is the pension as a share of earnings before tax. The OECD models a man earning the average wage, who starts work at 22 in 2024, works a full career and retires at his country's normal pension age, under the rules legislated in each country by 2024.
• The OECD counts UK auto-enrolment as a 'quasi-mandatory' private pension, so the UK has no separate voluntary part. Voluntary pensions are only modelled for countries where they cover many workers.
• The OECD average's private and voluntary parts are the differences between its published averages, which cover slightly different sets of countries.

This chart appears in Pensions.