About this data

Source: ONS, Births in England and Wales: 2025; NRS, Vital Events 2025 (Table 3.16); NISRA, Registrar General Annual Report 2024 (Table 3.15b)

• The total fertility rate is the average number of children a woman would have over her lifetime if she experienced the birth rates of each age group in that year. It is a summary of a single year's birth rates, not a count of how many children women actually have.
• Northern Ireland's figures are the average for 2022 to 2024, the latest published; Scotland's are NRS's approximate rates, from five-year age groups.
• Rates are low in areas with many students and young professionals, such as university cities and central London, because many women of childbearing age live there but move elsewhere before having children.
• Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly are published together.

This chart appears in Births and fertility rates.