About this data
- Primary energy is the energy in fuels before they are converted or used: coal, oil and gas as they are extracted or imported, and the electricity generated by wind, solar, hydro and nuclear power. It excludes fuels used as raw materials, such as oil for making plastics.
- Final energy is the energy delivered to users, such as petrol in cars, gas and electricity in homes, and fuel in factories, after losses in power stations, refineries and transmission. It excludes fuels used as raw materials.
- For scale, a kettle uses about 0.1 kWh to boil a litre of water, and a typical home uses around 2,700 kWh of electricity a year.
This chart appears in Energy production and consumption.